A easier to use system is to store stuff logically, and grouped.
I put chests near where the contents would be at hand, like forge components near the forge, ore and coal near the furnace, wood and hides near the woodcraft bench, food near the kitchens, so on and so forth.
I use item hangars to place space gear near my bed, and even decorate my bed with shields and weapons.
Treasures go near my trader portal.
Fishing, harpoon and sailing stuff at the dock.
I also typically build a door as a access port to where I can grab stuff in the cart from inside the base without needing to pull the cart inside, a drop off hatch so to speak.
Signage would then only need to be used to denote biome specific chests that are either rare use or dont logically fit areas of the base.
The popular mass storage shed of chests never appealed to me personally.