Arrows and thrown spears arc in flight. As a result, you typically need to aim above your target to reliably get enough distance. As a general rule, you can release your bowstring with the targeting reticle about a centimeter (as seen on screen) above your target to score a hit. Judging distance (and the necessary vertical offset) is a matter of player experience. As you progress through the game, you will have the opportunity to build better bows. These enjoy greater damage, range, and accuracy.

When using your bow, it is important to fully draw. This will maximize the power, distance, and accuracy of your shot. Shooting early is suboptimal for damage, stamina use, and ammunition. As you gain bow skill, your draw time and stamina use both go down. You will need to damage creatures to gain skill, so get in practice on birds, deer, and unaware enemies. Wood arrows are poor ammunition, but perfect for target practice.